{"id":5705,"date":"2023-01-19T19:28:09","date_gmt":"2023-01-19T11:28:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csspsinag.wordpress.com\/?p=5705"},"modified":"2023-01-19T19:28:09","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T11:28:09","slug":"defend-up-defend-academic-freedom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2023\/01\/19\/defend-up-defend-academic-freedom\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cDefend UP! Defend Academic Freedom!\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&#8220;Ngayon, dalawang taon matapos ang makaisang-panig na pagbuwag sa UP-DND Accord, nagpapatuloy ang banta ng pang-aatake at pang-aabuso sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas.<strong> Mula nang mawala ang kasunduan at polisiyang ito, kapansin-pansin ang lalong pagdami ng mga kaso ng panggigipit, paninindak, panre-redtag, at panghihimasok ng militar at pati ng kapulisan sa loob ng mga kampus kahit na may bisa pa rin ang UP-DILG Accord.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defend UP Network<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the second anniversary of the unilateral abrogation ng UP-DND Accord<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n<!--noteaser-->\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/by-sinag-staff.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/by-sinag-staff.png?w=92\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3593\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Ngayon, dalawang taon matapos ang makaisang-panig na pagbuwag sa UP-DND Accord, nagpapatuloy ang banta ng pang-aatake at pang-aabuso sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas.<strong> Mula nang mawala ang kasunduan at polisiyang ito, kapansin-pansin ang lalong pagdami ng mga kaso ng panggigipit, paninindak, panre-redtag, at panghihimasok ng militar at pati ng kapulisan sa loob ng mga kampus kahit na may bisa pa rin ang UP-DILG Accord.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defend UP Network<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the second anniversary of the unilateral abrogation ng UP-DND Accord<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cDEFEND UP! DEFEND ACADEMIC FREEDOM!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UP community intensifies and manifests its rejection of the unitary abrogation by the Department of National Defense (DND) of the UP-DND Accord two years after the termination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On January 15, 2021, under the Duterte administration, the DND under Sec. Delfin Lorenzana sent a letter stating the abolition of the 1989 Accord to UP President Danilo L. Concepcion. The letter was disclosed to the public only on January 18, 2021.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The UP-DND Accord is a bilateral agreement between the University of the Philippines and the DND signed and took effect on June 30, 1989, which restricted military operations inside the campus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Accord is a fruition of a long fight for academic freedom and resistance against state suppression since Martial Law, which saw state-endorsed terror against student protests, campus journalists, and the academe that revealed the corruption under the Marcos Sr., regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are also other agreements between the University and the State, including the 1992 Accord between UP and the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), which is still in effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>READ: <a href=\"http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6iE\">http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6iE<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Years after, state suppression has especially intensified during the Duterte administration, which operated with more overt state terrorism, particularly red-tagging, against which the UP community, among other sectors, resisted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the abrogation in 2021, amalgamated with the enforcement of the so-called Anti-Terrorism Law, attacks against the University further escalated despite the 1992 UP-DILG Accord.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defend UP Network highlighted the recent abduction of Dyan Gumanao and Armand Dayoha, two UP Cebu alumni on January 10.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBagamat nakabalik na sila sa kanilang pamilya, pinaghihinalaang mga puwersa ng estado ang may kagagawan sa kanilang pagkakadakip, gayong matagal na silang biktima ng pang-aabuso, paniniktik, at maging ng walang-batayang panghuhuli,\u201d the network noted.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LOOK: <a href=\"http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6mH\">http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6mH<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In its unity statement, Ugnayang Tanggol KAPP&nbsp; also emphasized the attacks on the college.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCSSP has not been spared from these attacks. In the last two years, several CSSP-based individuals and organizations have been red-baited, red-tagged, and even arrested on trumped-up charges. SINAG, the college\u2019s official publication, has also been attacked several times, with internet trolls and state agents threatening its editors and claiming that it has been \u2018infiltrated by terrorists,\u201d CSSP\u2019s academic freedom alliance said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>READ: <a href=\"http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6nK\">http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6nK<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6nP\">http:\/\/bitly.ws\/z6nP<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defend UP Network also lamented the possible implementation of the National Citizens Service Training Program (NCST) Bill during the Marcos Jr. regime, which seeks to replace the current National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NCSTP would abrogate the freedom of college students to choose among three components (ROTC, LTS, CWTS), making students train as cadets for 240 hours. The graduating cadets will be enlisted as reservists of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) under the Citizen Armed Force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cDahil lalo lamang nitong papapasukin ang militar at kapulisan sa mga kampus, malinaw na ang panukalang NCSTP ay isang anyo ng militarisasyon ng mga paaralan at isang banta sa kalayaang akademiko ng pamantasan sa panahong walang institusyonal na proteksyon tulad ng UP-DND Accord,\u201d Defend UP Network argued.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defend UP Network\u2019s unity statement demanded the institutionalization of UP-DND Accord; investigation of the state-endorsed abduction case of Dyan and Armand; and dismissal of the NCSTP Bill<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The CSSP community through its unity statement also extended support stating, \u201cWe urge our lawmakers, especially the UP alumni in both houses of Congress, to heed the call of the community, defend academic freedom, and fight for the UP-DND Accord. We will remain tireless in the fight against campus militarization, continuously assert our demands for academic freedom, and reject the current administration\u2019s attempts to cover up the worsening crisis by stifling dissent.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#DefendUP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#DefendCSSP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#DefendAcademicFreedom<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#InstitutionalizeUPDNDAccord<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#HandsOffDyanAndArmand<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>#NoToMandatoryROTC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Featured image courtesy of Johannes Hong<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image-9.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/image-9.png?w=73\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3926\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Ngayon, dalawang taon matapos ang makaisang-panig na pagbuwag sa UP-DND Accord, nagpapatuloy ang banta ng pang-aatake at pang-aabuso sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas. Mula nang mawala ang kasunduan at polisiyang ito, kapansin-pansin ang lalong pagdami ng mga kaso ng panggigipit, paninindak, panre-redtag, at panghihimasok ng militar at pati ng kapulisan sa loob ng mga kampus kahit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":5710,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[122],"class_list":["post-5705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0342-1-scaled.jpg","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3270,"url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2021\/12\/06\/institutionalization-ng-up-dnd-accord-ipadidinig-sa-senado\/","url_meta":{"origin":5705,"position":0},"title":"&#8216;Institutionalization&#8217; ng UP-DND Accord, ipadidinig sa senado","author":"Staff","date":"6 December 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Ani SparkLINGG, UPD Linguistics Core Group, head Janina Navarra, \u201cang unilateral na pag-abroga [sa UP-DND Accord] ay isang manipestasyon ng pag-crackdown ng gobyerno sa lahat ng mga kritiko nito.\u201d Inihayag niya rin ang pagsuporta sa institusyonalisasyon ng Accord bilang pagprotekta sa kalayaang pang-akademiko ng mga mag-aaral. Nagsumite ang UP Office\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;News&quot;","block_context":{"text":"News","link":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/category\/news\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/sinag-web-banner-6-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/sinag-web-banner-6-2.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/sinag-web-banner-6-2.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/sinag-web-banner-6-2.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/sinag-web-banner-6-2.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/sinag-web-banner-6-2.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3475,"url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2022\/01\/18\/ang-kalayaang-mag-aral-ay-kalayaan-ding-makibaka\/","url_meta":{"origin":5705,"position":1},"title":"ANG KALAYAANG MAG-ARAL AY KALAYAAN DING MAKIBAKA","author":"Staff","date":"18 January 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Ni: Gab Tindig Enero 18, 2021\u2014isang taon na ang lumipas nang mag-isang buwagin ng Department of National Defense (DND) ang 1989 UP-DND Accord.\u00a0 Sa bisa ng kasunduang ito, pinoprotektahan ang mga estudyante, guro, at kawani ng UP mula sa panghihimasok ng mga pulis at militar sa loob ng unibersidad. Gayunman,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Opinion&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Opinion","link":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/category\/opinion\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-2-1-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-2-1-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-2-1-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-2-1-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-2-1-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-2-1-1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6120,"url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2023\/06\/08\/militar-pulis-hindi-mapagkakatiwalaan-sa-zones-of-peace\/","url_meta":{"origin":5705,"position":2},"title":"Militar, Pulis, hindi mapagkakatiwalaan sa \u201czones of peace\u201d","author":"Staff","date":"8 June 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Hindi mapagkakatiwalaan ang police at military forces na respetuhin ang pagiging zones of peace ng mga paaralan natin, lalo na at ilang ulit na ang mga recorded cases ng surveillance, harassment at intimidation sa mga progresibong indibidwal at grupo. Necessary ang mga dokumento at kasunduan kagaya ng UP-DND Accord para\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Others&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Others","link":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/category\/others\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/352573616_6236950063052584_7976962128848106897_n-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/352573616_6236950063052584_7976962128848106897_n-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/352573616_6236950063052584_7976962128848106897_n-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/352573616_6236950063052584_7976962128848106897_n-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/352573616_6236950063052584_7976962128848106897_n-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/352573616_6236950063052584_7976962128848106897_n-1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3595,"url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2022\/01\/28\/hindi-dapat-warzone-at-factory-ang-pamantasan\/","url_meta":{"origin":5705,"position":3},"title":"Hindi dapat warzone at factory ang pamantasan","author":"Staff","date":"28 January 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Lumulubog na ang bangka. Wala nang makapitan ang mga estudyante, guro, at kawaning lunod na lunod na sa krisis. Huwag na sanang antaying abo ang dumaloy sa karagatan ng mga luha. Sa halos dalawang taong pananalasa ng pandemikong krisis sa bansa, lalo nitong inilantad ang kawalan ng patutunguhan ng sistema\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Opinion&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Opinion","link":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/category\/opinion\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-6-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-6-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-6-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-6-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-6-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/sinag-web-banner-6-1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2542,"url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2021\/09\/24\/up-faculty-and-staff-isinulong-ang-academic-freedom-kinundena-ang-promosyon-ng-mga-militar\/","url_meta":{"origin":5705,"position":4},"title":"UP faculty and staff isinulong ang academic freedom, kinundena ang promosyon ng mga militar","author":"Staff","date":"24 September 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"\"Given the incessant red-tagging and other attacks on UP constituents, we commend the passing on third reading of House Bill 10171, which institutionalizes the UP-DND Accord in the UP Charter. We strongly urge the Senate to fast track its passage into law in their own end,\u201d ani UP Professor Francisco\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;National News&quot;","block_context":{"text":"National News","link":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/category\/news\/national-news\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sinag-web-banner-13-1-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sinag-web-banner-13-1-1.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sinag-web-banner-13-1-1.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sinag-web-banner-13-1-1.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sinag-web-banner-13-1-1.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/sinag-web-banner-13-1-1.png?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5699,"url":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/2023\/01\/18\/ang-pagdepensa-ay-opensiba-rin\/","url_meta":{"origin":5705,"position":5},"title":"ANG PAGDEPENSA AY\u00a0OPENSIBA RIN","author":"Staff","date":"18 January 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Hangga\u2019t hindi natutugunan ang mga batayang panawagan ng sambayanan, hindi maaapula ng anumang paninidak o pandarahas ang galit ng Unibersidad ng Pakikibaka. Sa harap ng kaliwa\u2019t-kanang pag-atake at patuloy na kawalan ng sapat na proteksyon laban sa panghihimasok sa mga akademikong espasyo, malinaw ang tungkulin ng nagkakaisang komunidad ng UP:\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0346-2-1-scaled.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0346-2-1-scaled.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0346-2-1-scaled.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0346-2-1-scaled.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0346-2-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/dsc_0346-2-1-scaled.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"authors":[{"term_id":122,"user_id":9,"is_guest":0,"slug":"csspsinag","display_name":"Staff","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/194807626fee183640d3de57e788ba7c8c0d40bd86bfc1237bed56bcd3832c1b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5705"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5705\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5705"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sinag.press\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}